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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

jtk
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Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374888 DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v11i1

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU merupakan jurnal elektronik yang mempublikasikan karya ilmiah di bidang teknik kimia yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal ini tidak terbatas pada mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Sumatera Utara, tetapi terbuka untuk mahasiswa, dosen dan peneliti dari instansi lain.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU" : 7 Documents clear

Karakteristik Zat Warna Antosianin (Adenanthera pavonina L) dari Kulit Biji Saga sebagai Pewarna Alami Menggunakan Metode Soxhletasi Halimatuddahliana; Setiaty Pandia; Fira Ayu Hasmita
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

In general, dyes that are used in daily life using synthetic dyes. One material that can be used for natural pigment are from saga seeds (Adenanthera pavonina L). Saga (Adenanthera pavonina L) is a tree that has small red seeds which is one source of anthocyanin which can be used as natural dyes, antioxidants and anticarcinogens. In this research aims to find the type of solvent and the best extraction time used for the extraction of anthocyanin from saga seeds. Extraction of anthocyanin from saga seeds used soxhletation method. The variables this research there are the type of solvent (5% citric acid 5% and citric acid 5% (w/v)) and the extraction time (30, 60, 120 minutes). The parameters used are qualitative and quantitative analysis (total yield, total anthocyanin concentration, antioxidant activity, intensity colour and lethal concentration of anthocyanin toxicity in extracts). The result observationaling show that the extraction from saga seeds that have best characteristics in aquadest-citric acid 5% solvent extract yield with extraction time 120 minutes 64.448% (w/w), total anthocyanin with extractions time 120 minutes 100.026 (mg/L), color intensity with extraction time 60 minutes 0.528, antioxidant activity (IC50) 11.622 ppm and toxicity activity with extraction time 60 minutes 63.326 ppm.

Aplikasi Pelarut Eutektik K2CO3-Gliserol pada Ekstraksi Pigmen Antosianin dari Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) Hazima Asni; Renita Manurung; Dian Bonella
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) contains 593 ppm of anthocyanin. Anthocyanin pigment from mangosteen peel (Garcinia Mangostana Linn.) can be used as an alternative to synthetic dyes. Eutectic solvents are the latest development in extraction technology to extract anthocyanin from its source. The solvent used is pottasium carbonate-glycerol based eutectic solvent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eutectic solvents on the extraction of anthocyanin pigments from mangosteen peel. This research consists of 2 treatment factors namely rmolar ratio of K2CO3: glycerol of 1: 5, 1: 6, and 1: 7 and material: solvent ratio of 1: 4, 1: 6 and 1: 8. Anthocyanin content and color intensity were analyzed using a Spectrophotometer UV-Vis. Extraction using K2CO3 : glycerol eutectic solvent at a ratio of 1: 7 and the ratio of material: solvent 1: 8 produced the best treatment with extract yield of 46%; anthocyanin content of 263.976 mg/L, and color intensity value of 0.173.

Studi Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Posfat (H3PO4) dan Waktu Perendaman Karbon terhadap Karakteristik Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Durian Amir Husin; Asmiah Hasibuan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Durian shell is one of the agricultural wastes has the potency to valuable product therefore this study aims to utilize durian shells in activated carbon production and examine effect of variations phosphoric acid (H3PO4) concentration and carbon soaking time to characteristics of activated carbon. Durian shell pyrolyzed at 400oC for 2 hours, milled using ball mill, sifted with a 100 mesh sieve, and carbon is activated with soaking using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with various concentrations of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70% (v/v) and soaking time of 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, 12 hours, and 15 hours. Effect of variation concentration and soaking time shows the characterization of activated carbon are fluctuating. Activated carbon with the highest iodine number of 1,080,1728 mg/g obtains at activator concentration 30% (v/v) for 9 hours. Results of the SEM-EDX analysis of activated carbon show that mesoporous group, BET analysis shows 44,372 m2/g of surface area.

Kinerja Aktivasi dan Impregnasi Zeolit Alam sebagai Adsorben Charissa Dini Sofith; Sri Rahmadaniati Effendi; Fatimah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Performance of natural zeolites can be improved through the process of activation and impregnation. Activation process using HCl and impregnation with Mg2+ have carried out in this study. The activation process was performed out for 30 minutes with a 0.5M HCl solution and impregnation of MgCl2.6H2O 2.5M for 2 hours. Natural zeolites which have been activated and impregnated are then analyzed by the Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrophotometer (SEM-EDS). The results of zeolite surface profile characteristics activated and impregnated using SEM-EDS showed that there were changes in morphology and functional groups. Then, activated and impregnated zeolites were used to absorb ammonia at various contact times of 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes and 45 minutes. The equilibrium point was obtained at 25 minutes contact time with adsorption capacity of 30.444 mg/g and absorption efficiency of 85.2352%. The dosage of adsorbent varied with 0.01% size; 0.03%; 0.05%; 0.07%; 0.09%; 0.11%, 0.13% m/v. The concentration of ammonia absorbed was performed out using an Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer. The best efficiency of ammonia absorption is 90.106% with particle size 110-120 mesh, adsorbent dose 0.09% and adsorbent impregnation treatment.

Potensi Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Minyak Kelapa dengan Pengisi Kaolin sebagai Media Pembersih Najis Mughallazah Vera Diana Panjaitan; Lilis Sukeksi; Iriany; Siswarni
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Qur'an explains najis mughallazah be purified using water as much as 7 times and one of which uses the ground. The addition of clay to the soap helps remove impure DNA attached to the surface of the skin. This study was conducted to determine the effect of an increase in the amount of kaolin and reaction temperature on water content and hardness of soap; determine whether the soap formulas meet the quality requirements of SNI and determine whether the soap formula capable of eliminating the derivatives pig DNA using PCR analysis method. The reaction was designed in 4 reaction temperatures (50ºC - 80ºC), the consistency of kaolin (10% - 20%), 35% NaOH concentration, reaction time 10 minutes and the stirring speed of 250 rpm. The results showed that all variations meet SNI standards. The best results were obtained in 15%; 50ºC and 17.5%; 60ºC. First, rinse the soap can eliminate DNA smeared unclean human hands. DNA washing using water and soap shows the remaining conventional PCR DNA electrophoresis. Kaolin solid soap formulation produced may eliminate DNA and meet the standard SNI 06-3532-2016.

Produksi Biodiesel tanpa Gliserol dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan Variasi Massa Co-solvent dan Waktu Reaksi Elvianto Dwi Daryono; Angga Puji Prasetyo; Syaiful Bahri; Eliya Maya Sista
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Petroleum fuels are increasingly reduced in line with the increasing industry and population. A potential alternative renewable energy source to replace fuel is biodiesel. The process of making biodiesel that is commonly done is the process of transesterification with glycerol byproducts which is difficult to separate. The method used in this study is the method of interesterification, namely by replacing the methyl alcohol group with a methyl group from methyl acetate with triacetin byproducts. The operating conditions of the process are 250 grams of palm oil mass, 1% wt KOH catalyst mass. oil, reaction temperature 60 ⁰C, stirring speed 800 rpm, mass of co-solvent methyl ester (0, 5, 10, 15, 20% wt. oil) and reaction time (30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes). The results of the research have been obtained the highest yield with the addition of co-solvent methyl ester of 20% by weight of oil in the reaction time of 30 minutes is 92.43 %.The biodiesel product produced meets SNI 7182:2015 which is an acidic value <0.5 mg-KOH/g.

Perbandingan Metode Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MHG) dan Microwave Steam Diffusion (MSDf) untuk Mengekstrak Minyak Atsiri dari Kulit Jeruk (Citrus aurantium L.) Ayu Chandra Kartika Fitri; Fikka Kartika Widyastuti
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Orange production in 2020 projected to reach more than 3.2 million tons, with an estimated growth of 4.93% per year. As a result, large amounts of orange peel are available as a by-product and are treated as waste, creating environmental problems. This problem can be turned into potential if essential oils can be extracted from orange peels. The purpose of this study is to compare the methods of Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MHG) and Microwave Steam Diffusion (MSDf) in terms of extraction time velocity, yield, electricity consumption, environmental impact (CO2 gas emissions) and their chemical composition. In this study, 300 grams of fresh orange peel (Citrus aurantium L) used with three microwave power variations: 136 watt, 264 watt, and 440 watt and extraction time of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes. The MSDf method produces yields faster than the MHG method at an optimal power of 264 W. In the 20th minute, the MSDf method produces an essential oil yield of 1.95%, while the MHG method produces 1.93% yield at the 40th minute. The MSDf method provides the number of oxygenated compounds (1.4%) is higher than the MHG method (1.12%). This study shows that the MSDf method can produce better quality oils as like as the MHG method. Based on the electricity consumed ratio, the MSDf method is 50% more energy-efficient than the MHG method. Emissions of CO2 gas released into the air in the MSDf method (0.07 kg) are also less than MHG (0.14 kg), so the impact on the environment is not too significant.

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Rondang Tambun

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Home Page

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Editorial Team

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Contact Name Rondang Tambun

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Phone +6281263166850

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Editorial Address Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan

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Abstract

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Contact Name
Rondang Tambun

Contact Email
rondang@usu.ac.id

Phone
+6281263166850

Journal Mail Official
rondang@usu.ac.id

Editorial Address
Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan

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